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Strong X1.1-class solar flare: Radio disruptions in North America
NOAA reported that an X1.1-class solar flare on June 30 caused temporary disruptions in high-frequency radio communications in North America.
The Space Weather Prediction Center of the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) announced that a strong X1.1-class flare occurred on the Sun on Tuesday, June 30. The explosion originated from sunspot number 4479 and caused temporary disruptions in high-frequency radio communications in some parts of North America.
According to the center, the flare peaked at 23:50 TSI (20:50 UTC), and the emitted X-rays reached Earth in about 8 minutes, causing disturbances in the upper atmospheric layers. The severity of the radio disruption was classified as "R3" level, indicating a strong disturbance that could affect aviation, maritime navigation, and amateur radio communications.
Along with the flare, a coronal mass ejection (CME)—a giant cloud of plasma and magnetic field—was launched into space. Scientists are analyzing the trajectory of the CME to determine its possible impact on Earth's magnetic field. Initial models indicate that if the direction is favorable, part of the CME could reach Earth on July 2 or 3 and cause a moderate geomagnetic storm.
Solar flares are classified into five categories: A, B, C, M, and X. The X class is known as the category with the strongest disruptive effect on communications, navigation systems, and satellites.
Experts stated that the giant sunspot 4479, which is in an Earth-facing position, continues to be monitored, and warned that new flares may occur in the coming days. Indeed, the two large sunspots numbered 4478 and 4479 have complex magnetic fields, increasing the likelihood of producing strong X-class flares.
It was reported that these two giant sunspots are large enough to be visible to the naked eye just before sunset.
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