The Trump administration has launched an investigation into alleged J-1 visa fraud at nine major U.S. universities: Harvard, Yale, Stanford, Brown, the University of Pittsburgh, UC Davis, Caltech, Arizona State University and MIT. The probe was announced on Oct. 8, and subpoenas have been served on the schools.
Labor Department Inspector General Anthony D'Esposito said investigators will examine whether the universities misused J-1 exchange visitor classifications to avoid employment obligations or exploit taxpayer-funded programs, and whether foreign influence, improper financial relationships or visa abuse are compromising federally funded research.
Vice President JD Vance said about 61% of federally funded positions at these schools are filled by J-1 holders, compared with a national average of 38%, and claimed that American graduate students and researchers earn about $20,000 more than comparable J-1 workers. The administration has not publicly released evidence for those figures.

Harvard confirmed it had received a subpoena and said it is reviewing it. Stanford said it complies with all applicable visa laws, including those relating to J-1 visas, and Yale said it will review the documents. An attorney told Arizona's Family that paying J-1 holders for research positions to save money is not, by itself, illegal.
The J-1 exchange visitor program is widely used by foreign researchers, scholars and trainees at U.S. universities and hospitals, including academics from Türkiye.