The Iran report published during the 63rd session of the United Nations Human Rights Council found that civilians in the country faced both the government's grave human rights violations and repression, as well as attacks by the United States and Israel.
The United Nations Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on Iran said there were reasonable grounds to believe that the United States may have committed war crimes in its attacks on Iran. According to the mission, the attacks caused civilian deaths and injuries and damaged civilian targets.
Crackdown on protests and executions
The report described the Iranian government's response to protests in 2025 and 2026 as an "unprecedented" escalation. It said the use of lethal force had become widespread and that large numbers of people had been detained, resulting in a high number of deaths and injuries.
The mission also criticized measures restricting protesters' access to the internet. According to the report, the use of the death penalty expanded in Iran, with 29 people executed in cases linked to protests between March and August 2026.
Two airstrikes killed 178 civilians
According to the mission's assessment, reasonable grounds emerged to believe that the United States may have committed war crimes by carrying out indiscriminate attacks after the US and Israeli attacks on February 28. At least 178 civilians, including women and children, were killed in two separate airstrikes.
The mission called on Iran and the United States to immediately end all violations and crimes, provide full reparations to victims, and prevent violations from recurring.